Similaritis and Differnces of Meta Analysis and Systematic Review
Covidence explains the deviation betwixt
systematic review & meta-assay.
Systematic review and meta-analysis are two terms that you might see used interchangeably. Each term refers to enquiry about inquiry, but there are important differences!
A systematic review is a piece of work that asks a enquiry question and then answers it by summarising the testify that meets a fix of pre-specified criteria. Some systematic reviews nowadays their results using meta-analysis, a statistical method that combines the results of several trials to generate an average result. Meta-analysis adds value because it tin can produce a more precise approximate of the effect of a treatment than considering each report individually 🎯.
Let'south accept a look at a few related questions that you might take about systematic reviews and meta-analysis.
🙋🏽♂️ What are the stages of a systematic review?
A systematic review starts with a inquiry question and a protocol or research plan. A review team searches for studies to answer the question using a highly sensitive search strategy. The retrieved studies are then screened for eligibility using the inclusion and exclusion criteria (this is washed past at to the lowest degree ii people working independently). Next, the reviewers excerpt the relevant data and assess the quality of the included studies. Finally, the review squad synthesises the extracted report data (peradventure using meta-analysis) and presents the results. The procedure is shown in figure 1.
Covidence helps researchers complete systematic review speedily and easily! Information technology supports reviewers with written report pick, data extraction and quality assessment. Information exported from Covidence can exist saved in Excel for reliable transfer to your selection of data analysis software or, if yous're writing a Cochrane Review, to RevMan v.
🙋🏻♀️ What does 'systematic' actually mean?
In this context, systematic means that the methods used to search for and analyse the information are
transparent, reproducible and defined before searching begins. This is what differentiates a systematic review from a descriptive review that might be based on, for example, a subset of the literature that the author is familiar with at the time of writing. Systematic reviews strive to be as thorough and rigorous equally possible to minimise the bias that would result from cherry-red-picking studies in a non-systematic way. Systematic reviews sit at the top of the evidence hierarchy because information technology is widely agreed that studies with rigorous methods are those best able to minimise the hazard of bias on the results of the study. This is what makes systematic reviews the virtually reliable form of evidence (see figure two).
🙋🏾♂️ Why don't all systematic reviews use meta-analysis?
Meta-analysis can improve the precision of an effect estimate. But it tin can also exist misleading if it is performed with information that are not sufficiently like, or with data whose methodological quality is poor (for example, considering the study participants were not properly randomized). And so information technology's non always advisable to apply meta-assay and many systematic reviews do not include them. Reviews that do non incorporate meta-analysis can still synthesise written report data to produce something that has greater value than the sum of its parts.
🙋🏾♀️ What does meta-analysis do?
Meta-analysis produces a more precise estimate of treatment effect. There are several types of event size and the most suitable type is chosen by the review team based on the blazon of outcomes and interventions under investigation. Typical effect sizes in systematic reviews are the odds ratio, the gamble ratio, the weighted mean deviation and the standardized mean difference. The results of a meta-analysis are displayed using a wood plot like the one in effigy 3.
Some meta-analyses also include subgroup analysis or meta-regression. These techniques are used to explore a factor (for example, the historic period of the report participant) that might influence the relationship between the treatment and the intervention. Plans to analyse the information using these techniques should be described and justified before looking at the information, ideally at the research plan or protocol stage, to avert introducing bias. Like meta-analysis, subgroup assay and meta-regression are appropriate only in certain circumstances.
Systematic reviewer pro-tip
Think carefully before you plan subgroup analysis or meta-regression and e'er ask a methodologist for advice
🙋🏼♀️ What are the other ways to synthesise evidence?
Systematic reviews combine study data in a number of ways to achieve an overall understanding of the evidence. Meta-analysis is a type of statistical synthesis. Narrative synthesis combines the findings of multiple studies using words. All systematic reviews, including those that utilise meta-assay, are likely to contain an chemical element of narrative synthesis by summarising in words the evidence included in the review. Simply narrative synthesis doesn't only draw the included studies: information technology also seeks to explain the gathered show, for example by looking at similarities and differences between the study findings and by exploring possible reasons for those similarities and differences in a systematic manner. Narrative synthesis should non be confused with narrative review, which is a term sometimes used for a not-systematic review of the literature (for instance in a textbook chapter) where at that place is no systematic attempt to address issues of bias.
Conclusion
At that place are many types of systematic review. What they all have in common is the utilize of transparent and reproducible methods that are defined before the search begins. There is no 'best' mode to synthesise systematic review show, and the nearly suitable approach will depend on factors such as the nature of the review question, the type of intervention and the outcomes of interest.
Covidence is a web-based tool that saves you time at the screening, selection, data extraction and quality assessment stages of your review. It provides easy collaboration beyond teams and a articulate overview of chore status, helping you to efficiently complete your review. Sign upwards for a free trial today! 😀
Source: https://www.covidence.org/blog/the-difference-between-a-systematic-review-and-a-meta-analysis/
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